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WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS DURING NITRIFICATION IN DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
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| Title | WATER QUALITY VARIATIONS DURING NITRIFICATION IN DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS |
| Author | Webb, David W
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| Keywords | Dissertations, Academic -- Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science -- Dissertations, Academic
Chloramines
Distribution system
Drinking water
Nitrification
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| Abstract | This thesis documents the relationship among the major water quality parametersduring a nitrification episode. Nitrification unexpectedly occurred in a chloraminated pilotdrinking water distribution system practicing with a 4.0 mg/L as Cl[subscript 2] residual dosed at 4.5:1Cl[subscript 2]:NH[subscript 3]-N. Surface, ground and sea water were treated and disinfected withmonochloramines to produce finished water quality similar to regional utility water quality.PVC, galvanized, unlined cast iron and lined iron pipes were harvested from regionaldistribution systems and used to build eighteen pilot distribution systems (PDSs). The PDSswere operated at a 5-day hydraulic residence time (HRT) and ambient temperatures.As seasonal temperatures increased the rate of monochloramine dissipation increaseduntil effluent PDS residuals were zero. PDSs effluent water quality parameters chloraminesresidual, dissolved oxygen, heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs), pH, alkalinity, and nitrogenspecies were monitored and found to vary as expected by stoichiometry associated withtheoretical biological reactions excepting alkalinity. Nitrification was confirmed in thePDSs. The occurrence in the PDSs was not isolated to any particular source water.Ammonia for nitrification came from degraded chloramines, which was common among allfinished waters. Consistent with nitrification trends of dissolved oxygen consumption, ammonia consumption, nitrite and nitrate production were clearly observed in the PDSs bulkwater quality profiles. Trends of pH and alkalinity were less apparent. To controlnitrification: residual was increased to 4.5 mg/L as Cl[subscript 2] at 5:1 Cl[subscript 2]:NH[subscript 3]-N dosing ratio, and theHRT was reduced from 5 to 2 days. Elimination of the nitrification episode was achieved after a 1 week free chlorine burn. |
| Adviser | Taylor, James S.
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| Publisher | University of Central Florida |
| Degree | M.S.
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| Degree Discipline | Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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| Degree Grantor | Engineering and Computer Science
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| Degree Program | Civil and Environmental Engineering
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| Graduation Date | 2004-05-01 |
| Type | Master's thesis
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| Access Level | Public - Allow Worldwide Access
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| Release Date | 2004-05-01 |
| Repository | University Archives
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| Repository Collection | Electronic Theses and Dissertations
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| Identifier | CFE0000063 |
| Access Link | http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0000063 |
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